Geology, Energy, and Minerals

What this funds

America's national security and economic prosperity rely on comprehensive mapping and resource science that guide future energy strategies, ensure resilient domestic mineral supply chains, and inform management of the country's land surface and subsurface. The Budget advances energy and mineral security through the Geology, Energy and Minerals Mission Area (GEMMA). The GEMMA portfolio is rooted in the original mission of the USGS and continues to lead the country's mapping and science on resources today, building the geoscience community's capacity and innovating to lead the country to the energy and mineral resources of the future. As the country's primary source of foundational mapping and data collection and scientific information on energy and mineral resources, the Mission Area maps traditional and emerging resources and their supply chains, both domestically and globally. Through GEMMA's unique expertise, the USGS delivers unbiased, publicly available data, tools, and comprehensive assessments of onshore and offshore energy and mineral resources. This information is critical to the country's economic growth and vitality and national security interests including critical mineral supply chains, public safety, and efficient resource management. The USGS studies the full life cycle of these resources - geologic resource occurrence, extraction, use, disposal, and waste as a resource. This full lifecycle perspective supports the complexities of land management and permitting decisions such as the potential to co-produce energy and mineral resources from Federal lands, and the potential to store and reuse energy and mine wastes. USGS geologic mapping, data preservation, energy and mineral resource assessments and research, and global mineral supply chain analyses inform sustainable natural resource management; economic, technological, national security, and global trade strategies; public and private sector investments; development and future investment by the energy and mineral industries; and the development of the infrastructure of tomorrow. In FY 2027, the USGS will continue geologic mapping, data preservation, energy and minerals assessments, and supply chain analysis that support energy and mineral independence, inform resource management decisions by Federal and State land managers, and guide billions of dollars in Federal and private-sector investments. GEMMA will continue to strengthen the State Geological Surveys by providing scientific leadership, partnership, funding, and training in geologic and geophysical mapping, data collection and preservation, and energy and mineral resource assessments. Through these and other partnerships, GEMMA will continue to deliver the geoscientific data and analysis that underpins ' EO 14241 Immediate Measures to Increase American Mineral Production (3/20/2025) ' EO 14261 Reinvigorating America's Beautiful Clean Coal Industry and Amending Executive ' EO 14285 Unleashing America's Offshore Critical Minerals and Resources (4/24/2025) In FY 2027, GEMMA will expand on a pilot grant program and launch an initiative to reinvigorate the country's geoscience educational pipelines essential to the geologic resource fields. A pressing challenge is the rapid decline in geoscience enrollment and training programs which threatens the country's longterm capacity to discover, develop, and responsibly manage critical mineral resources. This initiative will strengthen, rebuild, and sustain geoscience fields, grow the workforce of the future, and help America Advanced Mapping of the Country's Geology and Resources: The USGS is transforming the country's surface and subsurface mapping of geology and resources through advanced geologic and geophysical survey techniques and through compilation and reanalysis of historical samples and datasets. Targeted and accelerated by the Mineral Resources Program's (MRP) Earth MRI, in FY 2027, these advanced techniques will continue to identify previously uncharted mineral resources including minerals on the country's 2025 List of Critical Minerals, construction resources such as aggregates, and other economically vital mineral resources. The National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP) will contribute to the effort through high-resolution surface and shallow subsurface mapping across the country, funding the production of detailed high-quality geologic maps through the State Geological Surveys and driving mapping of priority areas through Federal geoscience efforts; and synthesizing the results into seamless maps and databases. Together, these coordinated efforts will continue to develop the country's first modern three-dimensional maps of the surface and subsurface, supporting not only mineral resource assessments but also assessments quantifying the country's current and future energy resources, groundwater resources, and potential for natural hazards such as landslides; and informing economic development planning and land-use decision making, supporting infrastructure projects, and ensuring Unleashing Robust Geologic Data: In FY 2027, the USGS will continue to capture the full value of historical investments in samples and data to help solve today's energy, minerals, and mapping challenges. The National Geological and Geophysical Data Preservation Program (NGGDPP) will continue to rescue and provide seamless access to geologic samples for critical minerals exploration, supporting an efficient mechanism for Federal and State agencies and the private sector to glean new insights into the country's critical mineral resources. Under Secretary's Order (SO's) 3436 Unlocking Critical and Strategic Minerals from Mine Waste, Cutting Red Tape, and Restoring American Dominance in Strategic Mineral Production (7/23/2025), the MRP will continue to expand the National Mine Waste Inventory, the unified and authoritative repository of data on mine wastes and the potential to reuse waste as a resource, in partnership with State geological surveys, Interior's land management bureaus, and other Federal and private sector partners. In FY 2027, the USGS will continue developing AI tools to leverage robust maps and datasets, and invest in data standards, quality, management, and delivery to ensure seamless public access to the results of both historic and ongoing large-scale data collection and interpretation. These AI innovations leverage a public/private partnership in collaboration with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) that has streamlined data synthesis workflows for mineral resource assessments, accelerating the delivery of critical mineral assessments as called for in the Energy Act of 2020. The USGS, States, tribes, industry, and the public use these vast data resources to answer today's questions and conduct analysis that informs tomorrow's energy, minerals and mapping Energy and Mineral Resource Assessments: Energy and mineral resource assessments build on geologic and geophysical mapping of the surface and subsurface to describe the potential for undiscovered geologic resources, including minerals; oil; natural gas; coal; and uranium. In addition, the USGS assesses emerging geologic resources that maintain global competitiveness of the country's domestic energy industry including geothermal resources for electricity generation, heating, and cooling; gas hydrates; naturally occurring geologic hydrogen; helium; and the potential to store energy and wastes in the subsurface. In FY 2027, USGS assessments will be used to inform mine site reclamation, co- production of minerals with energy, and permitting and land management decisions by partners including the Bureau of Land Management. USGS global assessments are used by Federal trade and foreign investment agencies to identify potential international trade partners and by the private sector to de-risk industry investments. Offshore, the USGS continues to provide scientific information and geology-based resource assessment

Extracted from U.S. Geological Survey, p. 13. Verbatim; nothing here is paraphrased.

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